Constitutions, Whether Democratic, Transitional, Or...

Constitutions, whether democratic, transitional, or authoritarian among others, all serve a few common goals and purposes. The most recognizable purposes of a constitution typically include political and social structure in the form of judicial and legislative processes and civil rights. The goal is often to guide, give, and limit power in ways that benefit the current political elites and limit their potential rivals. Just as Galligan and Versteeg wrote in Theoretical Perspectives, â€Å"One of the primary goals of any constitution, after all, is to create, channel, and monitor power.† These pieces of the constitutional puzzle are an integral part of what makes a constitution a sort of â€Å"power map†. A constitution is in large part a country’s,†¦show more content†¦This is the same concept in the case of â€Å"wing clipping† by elite constitution makers. Given a situation where the current powerful political party is concerned about losing pow er to their opposing party, the powerful political party will include a series of restraints in the constitution to prevent the other party from having excessive powers, or enough power to accomplish anything against the current status quo. It is a form of political insurance that many constitution makers, like those of Portugal in the mid-1970s, take advantage of (20, Gilligan and Versteeg). It is also important to note in the analysis of the â€Å"power map† that timing and political events play an important role in shaping the structure of a constitution. Elites losing power, as suggested by Hirschl, or major transitions that induce electoral uncertainty as suggested by Ginsburg, are often causes of constitutional change. Hirschl claims that this creates a constitution that reflects the interests of the losing elites, while just as reasonably, Ginsburg proports that the constitution will be a document of constraints caused by electoral uncertainty. In reality, a constituti on is often a mixture of both interests and constraints. Sometimes these interests are entrenched into the constitutional document as values, removing them from the scope of ordinary legislature and discreetly preserving theShow MoreRelatedThe Arab Spring : A New Movement1587 Words   |  7 Pagesand high unemployment created by their authoritarian governments. The movement swept throughout the Middle East and Northern Africa. The Egyptian Revolution of 2011, the Libyan Revolt of 2011, and the Syrian Uprising of 2011 were the aftershocks of the Tunisian Jasmine Revolution. Thus, these movements were grouped into the Arab Spring – a new movement dedicated to reform. 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Case Study Toys, Inc. - 1053 Words

This case focuses on Toys, Inc., a 20 year old company that manufactures toys and board games. The company has established a good reputation due to the innovation and quality of the products (Stevenson, 2015). In the recent years the company has been experiencing decreasing profits and sales due to several issues. Take the role of a consultant who has been called in for advice by the company president, Marybeth Corbella. What do you recommend? The company has several options. As the consultant, here are some recommendations that will help the company with their predicament. One of the main problem is the defective part that the customers. The company can collect data directly from the customers by sending out questionnaires in the mail. Questionnaires â€Å"consists of a set of questions presented to respondents. Because of its flexibility, it is by far the most common instrument used to collect primary data† (Kotler Keller, 2012, p.104). Doing this the company can gather data about the defective parts and find out what the problem. With the questionnaire the company can deduce if the problem has to do with product quality, a manufacturer defect, or is it due to customer misuse. By gathering this data the can put in place a strategic plan to correct the plan and thus increase cus tomer satisfaction and sales. When evaluating a company and a problem, a very important tool to use is SWOT Analysis. It is a strength-weaknesses-opportunities-threats assessments, and it â€Å"isShow MoreRelatedThe Galaxy Toys, Inc. Case Study1330 Words   |  6 Pagesgoals and objectives developed by the production managers was conducted to provide a relevant list of goals and objectives. This paper serves a third review of the Galaxy Toys, Inc. case study which will cover the last three functions of the P-O-L-C, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling. 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Alan Freed History of Rock Music free essay sample

At the time Rock Roll was an urban African American term for sex, I think Alan realized that the popular white culture would be turned off by the term RB, which was mainly associated with black artists, so he decided to give it a different name and expose that style of music to the general public. His radio name and nickname was Monody. These were also the names of his non-segregated concerts in which black and white teenagers came to listen to good rock roll regardless of the singers color. Monody Balls were very popular and drew much criticism from white parents.At the first Monody Ball over 25,000 kids, mostly who tie, wowed up in the March of 1925 in Cleveland. I believe that what Freed did was good as far as opening people up to racially diverse music and not really listening to what the media had to say about it, including things like he was promoting jungle music, which negatively referred to African-American music. We will write a custom essay sample on Alan Freed: History of Rock Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After his DC career in Cleveland, Freed transferred to a larger radio station, WINS, in New York City. This was a good move because it gave him the opportunity to expose larger masses Of people to his non-racially censored music.Freed was against hat were called white covers. White covers were black songs that were re-made by a white artist so they could be played on the larger, more popular white radio stations because these radio stations were not supposed to play songs by blacks. Think this further promoted non- segregated music during the asss and helped blacks win civil rights in general due to the fact that Freed was showing that black music wasnt bad or immoral and could be played on mainstream radio stations.Due to his non-racist attitude, he gained many enemies in the music industry and the media, though most of his enemies were big shot record company executives. He refused to play white covers and I believe this was an awesome stand he had because so many young people loo ked up to him and enjoyed listening to his radio programs. Some of his enemies were involved in the accusation that Freed received payola during his career, which believe was just an excuse to try to get him fired so the air-waves would be clean of his non-racist program.Payola was a term that referred to a Dos acceptance of money for he favor of playing their song on the radio. Though Freed refused to sign a paper asserting that he never received any payola, I dont think he was the type of person who would do such a thing regularly anyway, like most Dos of the time did. However, he was charged with twenty-six counts of commercial bribery, which was a good way to get him off of the radio. This accusation basically ruined his career which was a shame because he was one of the first real good Dos.